Hyoscine
Scopolamine/Drug Interactions:
AlcoholAlcohol: Alcohol and other drugs that cause drowsiness may theoretically worsen the drowsiness caused by scopolamine. It has been reported that scopolamine has no influence on the effects of acute alcohol doses in humans (204). AnestheticsAnesthetics: Using scopolamine as premedication in cyclopropane or halothane anesthesia was shown to be associated with a high incidence of arrhythmia in humans (up to 45%), due to its central vagal stimulating effect (57; 58). Scopolamine antagonized methohexitone (or methohexital) anesthesia (205). AnticholinergicsAnticholinergics: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may cause additive adverse effects when used in combination with other anticholinergics.Antidepressant agentsAntidepressant agents: Scopolamine, which has antidepressant effects, may theoretically interfere with antidepressant drugs.AntihistaminesAntihistamines: Based on a human study, scopolamine may have antihistamine activity, and combined use with other antihistamines may have additive effects (111). AntihypertensivesAntihypertensives: In humans, scopolamine has been shown to reduce blood pressure (19; 20; 21; 51). BarbituratesBarbiturates: Scopolamine antagonized methohexitone (or methohexital) anesthesia (205).CaffeineCaffeine: Caffeine attenuated the scopolamine-induced impairment of free recall from long- and short-term memory in humans (206). Cholinergic agonistsCholinergic agonists: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may theoretically interact with cholinergic drugs.Cholinesterase inhibitorsCholinesterase inhibitors: Physostigmine antagonized most of the memory deficits produced by scopolamine in humans (207; 208; 209; 210). CisaprideCisapride: Concurrent use of scopolamine and cisapride may theoretically result in loss of cisapride efficacy.CNS depressantsCNS depressants: Concurrent use of scopolamine and CNS depressants may theoretically cause additive CNS depressants effects.Heart rate-regulating agentsHeart rate-regulating agents: Sympathomimetic mephentermine (a cardiac stimulant) interacted synergically with scopolamine in accelerating the heart rate in humans (143). Scopolamine use may cause tachycardia and palpitations (13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18). There are also reports of reduced heart rate, pulse rate, and diastolic blood pressure (19; 20; 21). It appears that low doses of scopolamine (0.025-0.2mg/70kg) decreased heart rate, while large doses (0.3- 0.6mg IV) accelerated heart rate (141; 142; 143; 144). Hormonal agentsHormonal agents: In healthy adult women, estradiol treatment did not protect against or attenuate the scopolamine-induced impairments in the cognitive domains assessed (211). MorphineMorphine: A combination of scopolamine and morphine is useful for premedication for surgery or diagnostic procedures and was widely used in obstetrics in the past. The mixture produces amnesia and a tranquilized state known as "twilight sleep."PotassiumPotassium: Based on secondary sources, concurrent use of oral forms of potassium chloride with scopolamine may cause a delay of potassium passage through the gastrointestinal tract and may increase the risk of gastrointestinal lesions.Skeletal muscle relaxantsSkeletal muscle relaxants: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may theoretically interact with muscle relaxants.SympathomimeticsSympathomimetics: Sympathomimetic mephentermine interacted synergically with scopolamine in accelerating the heart rate in humans (143). Scopolamine/Herb/Supplement Interactions:
AnticholinergicsAnticholinergics: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may cause additive adverse effects when used in combination with other anticholinergics.Antidepressant agentsAntidepressant agents: Scopolamine, which has antidepressant effects, may theoretically interfere with antidepressant agents.AntihistaminesAntihistamines: Based on a human study, scopolamine may have antihistamine activity, and combined use with other antihistamines may have additive effects (111). CaffeineCaffeine: Caffeine attenuated the scopolamine-induced impairment of free recall from long- and short-term memory in humans (206). CholinergicsCholinergics: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may theoretically interact with cholinergic drugs.Ginkgo bilobaGinkgo biloba: The extract of the leaves of Ginkgo biloba decreases scopolamine-induced amnesia due to its cholinergic action (212). GrapefruitGrapefruit: The bioavailability of orally administered scopolamine was significantly increased after pretreatment with grapefruit juice (213). Heart rate-regulating agentsHeart rate-regulating agents: Sympathomimetic mephentermine (a cardiac stimulant) interacted synergically with scopolamine in accelerating the heart rate in humans (143). Scopolamine use may cause tachycardia and palpitations (13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18). There are also reports of reduced heart rate, pulse rate, and diastolic blood pressure (19; 20; 21). It appears that low doses of scopolamine (0.025-0.2mg/70kg) decreased heart rate, while large doses (0.3- 0.6mg IV) accelerated heart rate (141; 142; 143; 144). HypotensivesHypotensives: In humans, scopolamine has been shown to reduce blood pressure (19; 20; 21; 51). Muscle relaxantsMuscle relaxants: Scopolamine, itself an anticholinergic drug, may theoretically interact with muscle relaxants.PotassiumPotassium: Based on secondary sources, concurrent use of oral forms of potassium chloride with scopolamine may cause a delay of potassium passage through the gastrointestinal tract and may increase the risk of gastrointestinal lesions.SedativesSedatives: Concurrent use of scopolamine and CNS depressants may theoretically cause additive CNS depressants effects.Scopolamine/Food Interactions:
GrapefruitGrapefruit: The bioavailability of orally administered scopolamine was significantly increased after pretreatment with grapefruit juice (213). Scopolamine/Lab Interactions:
Blood pressureBlood pressure: In humans, scopolamine has been shown to reduce blood pressure (19; 20; 21; 51). Heart rate, EKG, pulseHeart rate, EKG, pulse: Scopolamine use may cause tachycardia and palpitations (13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18). There are also reports of reduced heart rate, pulse rate, and diastolic blood pressure (19; 20; 21; 51). It appears that low doses of scopolamine (0.025-0.2mg/70kg) decreased heart rate, while large doses (0.3- 0.6mg IV) accelerated heart rate (141; 142; 143; 144).