Nicotinamide

Nicotinamide/Drug Interactions:

  • Antianxiety drugsAntianxiety drugs: Animal studies have shown that nicotinamide in high doses has anxiolytic effects (14) that may be due to indirect effects on glutamate release (31).
  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Thrombocytopenia has been reported in 5% of hemodialysis patients receiving 1g daily or more of nicotinamide (13).
  • Antidiabetic agentsAntidiabetic agents: In clinical research, hypoglycemia has been reported (12).
  • AntihypertensivesAntihypertensives: Animal studies have shown that high doses of nicotinamide, above 600mg/kg, may decrease blood pressure (16).
  • Anti-inflammatoriesAnti-inflammatories: Nicotinamide may be effective against arthritis, because inhibition of PARP decreases inflammation and decreases the recruitment of neutrophils that exacerbate inflammation (30).
  • CNS depressantsCNS depressants: Animal studies have shown that nicotinamide in high doses has central depressant effects (14), perhaps caused by indirect effects on glutamate release (15).
  • Cytochrome P450-metabolized agentsCytochrome P450-metabolized agents: Animal studies have shown that high doses of nicotinamide induce cytochrome P450 and could interact with drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (18).
  • DomperidoneDomperidone: In human research, domperidone has been shown to reduce plasma concentrations of nicotinamide and reduce the side effects associated with nicotinamide (20).
  • Gastrointestinal agentsGastrointestinal agents: In clinical trials, gastrointestinal disturbances, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, were the most commonly reported adverse effects (4; 19; 20; 21; 22).
  • Hepatotoxic agentsHepatotoxic agents: Nicotinamide in normal to high doses (10g daily or more) may cause elevated liver enzymes and liver damage (23; 12).
  • ImmunosuppressantsImmunosuppressants: Nicotinamide inhibited PARP activity by increasing levels of the substrate NAD, based on secondary sources. This altered the activities of many PARP-regulated genes and decreased UV-induced immunosuppression in the skin (17).

    • Nicotinamide/Herb/Supplement Interactions:

  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Thrombocytopenia has been reported in 5% of hemodialysis patients receiving 1g daily or more of nicotinamide (13).
  • Anti-inflammatoriesAnti-inflammatories: Nicotinamide may be effective against arthritis, because inhibition of PARP decreases inflammation and decreases the recruitment of neutrophils that exacerbate inflammation (30).
  • AnxiolyticsAnxiolytics: Animal studies have shown that nicotinamide in high doses has anxiolytic effects (14) that may be due to indirect effects on glutamate release (31).
  • Cytochrome P450-metabolized herbs and supplementsCytochrome P450-metabolized herbs and supplements: Animal studies have shown that high doses of nicotinamide induce cytochrome P450 and could interact with drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (18).
  • Gastrointestinal herbs and supplementsGastrointestinal herbs and supplements: In clinical trials, gastrointestinal disturbances, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, are the most commonly reported adverse effects (4; 19; 20; 21; 22).
  • Hepatotoxic herbs and supplementsHepatotoxic herbs and supplements: Nicotinamide in normal to high doses (10g daily or more) may cause elevated liver enzymes and liver damage (23; 12).
  • HypoglycemicsHypoglycemics: In clinical research, hypoglycemia has been reported (12).
  • HypotensivesHypotensives: Animal studies have shown that high doses of nicotinamide, above 600mg/kg, may decrease blood pressure (16).
  • ImmunosuppressantsImmunosuppressants: Nicotinamide regulates PARP activity as an inhibitor and by increasing levels of the substrate NAD, based on secondary sources. This alters the activities of many PARP-regulated genes and decreases UV-induced immunosuppression in the skin (17).
  • PhosphorusPhosphorus: In human research, nicotinamide decreased serum levels of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia (9).
  • SedativesSedatives: Animal studies have shown that nicotinamide in high doses has depressant effects (14), perhaps caused by indirect effects on glutamate release (15).

    • Nicotinamide/Food Interactions:

  • Insufficient available evidence.

    • Nicotinamide/Lab Interactions:

  • Blood glucoseBlood glucose: In clinical research, hypoglycemia has been reported (12).
  • Blood pressureBlood pressure: Animal studies have shown that high doses of nicotinamide, above 600mg/kg, decrease blood pressure (16).
  • Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): In human research, nicotinamide has been shown to reduce erythrocyte sedimentation rate (4).
  • Intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH)Intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH): In human research, nicotinamide decreased intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia (9).
  • Lipid profileLipid profile: In human research, nicotinamide increased serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations and reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia; serum triglyceride levels did not change (9).
  • Phosphorus levelsPhosphorus levels: In human research, nicotinamide decreased serum levels of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia (9).
  • Platelet countPlatelet count: Thrombocytopenia has been reported in 5% of hemodialysis patients receiving 1g daily or more of nicotinamide (13).