Verbena

Verbena/Drug Interactions:

  • AntibioticsAntibiotics: Based on in vitro study, iridoids isolated from aerial parts of Verbena littoralis, may have moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (3). Based on laboratory study, extracts of flavonoids from Verbena officinalis may have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms (5).
  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Based on a review of the literature, Verbena officinalis may supply variable quantities of vitamin K, and may lessen the effect of oral anticoagulant therapy (19).
  • AntihypertensivesAntihypertensives: Based on anecdote, large amounts of verbena may have vasodilating activity and may interact with blood pressure medications.
  • Anti-inflammatory agentsAnti-inflammatory agents: Based on animal study, extracts of aerial parts of Verbena officinalis L. may have anti-inflammatory activity (4).
  • AntineoplasticsAntineoplastics: Based on in vitro study, citral, a component of verbena essential oil, may induce apoptosis (6).
  • AntioxidantsAntioxidants: Based on in vitro study, iridoids, isolated from the aerial parts of Verbena littoralis may have free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity (3).
  • Antiurolithiasis agents, Antiurolithiasis agents: Based on animal study, verbena may prevent and treat stone kidney formation, purportedly attributed to its potential disinfectant action, and potential solvent and basifying action of saponin constituents (18).
  • Cytochrome P450 metabolized agentsCytochrome P450 metabolized agents: Based on animal study, verbena may alter levels of liver enzymes, including those of the CYP2B family (9; 11).
  • EstrogensEstrogens: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have estradiol receptor binding activity (8).
  • Fertility agentsFertility agents: Based on animal study, Verbena hybrida L. and Verbena bonariensis L. may have contraceptive effects (2).
  • Gastrointestinal agents,prokineticGastrointestinal agents,prokinetic: Based on animal models, iridoids in verbena may cause intestinal peristaltic action (3).
  • IronIron: Based on human study, a Verbena officinalis L. beverage, containing 20-50mg total polyphenols per serving, may inhibit iron absorption (20). Adding milk to the beverage had little or no influence on iron inhibition.
  • Neurological blocking agentsNeurological blocking agents: Based on in vitro study, extracts and constituents isolated from Verbena littoralis may enhance neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) (12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17).
  • Oral drugsOral drugs: Based on animal models, iridoids in verbena may cause intestinal peristaltic action (3), which theoretically may alter levels of oral drugs.
  • ProgestinsProgestins: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have progesterone receptor (PR) binding activity (8).

    • Verbena/Herb/Supplement Interactions:

  • AntibacterialsAntibacterials: Based on in vitro study, iridoids isolated from aerial parts of Verbena littoralis, may have moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (3). Based on laboratory study, extracts of flavonoids from Verbena officinalis may have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram negative-microorganisms (5).
  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Based on a review of the literature, Verbena officinalis may supply variable quantities of vitamin K, and may lessen the effect of oral anticoagulant therapy (19).
  • Anti-inflammatoriesAnti-inflammatories: Based on animal study, extracts of aerial parts of Verbena officinalis L. may have anti-inflammatory activity (4).
  • AntineoplasticsAntineoplastics: Based on in vitro study, citral, a component of verbena essential oil, may induce apoptosis (6).
  • AntioxidantsAntioxidants: Based on in vitro study, iridoids, isolated from the aerial parts of Verbena littoralis may have free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity (3).
  • Antiurolithiasis herbs and supplementsAntiurolithiasis herbs and supplements: Based on animal study, verbena may prevent and treat stone kidney formation, purportedly attributed to its potential disinfectant action, and potential solvent and basifying action of saponin constituents(18).
  • Cytochrome P450 metabolized herbs and supplementsCytochrome P450 metabolized herbs and supplements: Based on animal study, verbena may alter levels of liver enzymes, including those of the CYP2B family (9; 11).
  • Estrogenic herbs and supplementsEstrogenic herbs and supplements: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have estradiol receptor (ER) binding activity (8).
  • Fertility herbs and supplementsFertility herbs and supplements: Based on animal study, Verbena hybrida L. and Verbena bonariensis L. may have contraceptive effects (2).
  • Gastrointestinal herbs and supplementsGastrointestinal herbs and supplements: Based on animal models, iridoids in verbena may cause intestinal peristaltic action (3).
  • HypotensivesHypotensives: Based on anecdote, large amounts of verbena may interact with blood pressure altering herbs or have vasodilating activity.
  • IronIron: Based on human study, a Verbena officinalis L. beverage, containing 20-50mg total polyphenols per serving, may inhibit iron absorption (20). Adding milk to the beverage had little or no influence on iron inhibition.
  • Neurological blocking herbs and supplementsNeurological blocking herbs and supplements: Based on in vitro study, extracts and constituents isolated from Verbena littoralis may enhance neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) (12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17).
  • Oral herbsOral herbs: Based on animal models, iridoids in verbena may cause intestinal peristaltic action (3), which theoretically may alter levels of oral drugs.
  • PhytoprogestinsPhytoprogestins: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have progesterone receptor (PR) binding activity (8).
  • Vitamin KVitamin K: Verbena may supply variable quantities of vitamin K, and may lessen the effect of oral anticoagulant therapy (19).

    • Verbena/Food Interactions:

  • Insufficient available evidence.

    • Verbena/Lab Interactions:

  • Coagulation panelCoagulation panel: Based on a review of the literature, Verbena officinalis may supply variable quantities of vitamin K, and may lessen the effect of oral anticoagulant therapy (19).
  • Estrogen levelsEstrogen levels: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have estradiol receptor binding activity (8).
  • Liver enzyme panelLiver enzyme panel: Based on animal study, verbena may alter levels of liver enzymes, including those of the CYP2B family (9; 11).
  • Progesterone levelsProgesterone levels: Based on in vitro study, verbena may have progesterone receptor binding activity (8).
  • Serum drug levelsSerum drug levels: Based on animal models, iridoids in verbena may cause intestinal peristaltic action (3), which theoretically may alter serum levels of oral agents.
  • Serum iron levelsSerum iron levels: A Verbena officinalis L. beverage, containing 20-50mg total polyphenols per serving, inhibited Fe absorption by 59%, assessed by erythrocyte incorporation of radio-Fe in a human study (20).
  • Serum vitamin K levelsSerum vitamin K levels: Verbena may supply variable quantities of vitamin K, and may lessen the effect of oral anticoagulant therapy (19).
  • UrinalysisUrinalysis: Based on animal study, verbena may prevent and treat stone kidney formation, purportedly attributed to its potential disinfectant action, and potential solvent and basifying action of saponin constituents (18).