Commifora mukul

Guggul/Nutrient Depletion:

  • GlucoseGlucose: In animal research, guggulipid demonstrated PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma, and LXR-alpha agonist activity which can contribute to antidiabetic effects (47). Commipheric acid, a fractionated component of guggulipid, was also found to activate PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma.
  • LipidsLipids: In human and animal research, guggul reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, and increased HDL cholesterol (13; 14; 19; 10; 11; 12; 15; 16; 17; 18; 20; 21; 72; 55; 56; 90; 74; 71; 73; 58; 53; 59; 91). Other human research, however, has demonstrated somewhat conflicting results (21; 57; 58; 53; 59).