Euterpe oleracea

A?a?/Drug Interactions:

  • AntidiabeticsAntidiabetics: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced fasting glucose levels (4). A?a? juice products may contain added sugars, however, which may interfere with blood glucose control.
  • Anti-inflammatoriesAnti-inflammatories: In in vitro research, freeze-dried a?a? fruit pulp and skin powder (OptiA?aiT, used in MonaVie? products) displayed selective inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes (3).
  • AntilipemicsAntilipemics: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (4).
  • AntineoplasticsAntineoplastics: In laboratory research, constituents of various formulations of a?a? displayed anticancer effects (5; 6).
  • CaffeineCaffeine: Some a?a? products contain guarana, an herb that contains caffeine. Theoretically, concurrent use with caffeine may cause additive stimulant effects.
  • ImmunosuppressantsImmunosuppressants: In vivo, a?a? demonstrated immune-stimulating effects (3; 11). Theoretically, a?a? may inhibit the effects of immunosuppressant agents.
  • Potassium saltsPotassium salts: Due to its high potassium content, a?a? may be used cautiously with agents that may increase potassium levels (e.g., amiloride, triamterene, azole antifungals, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, heparins, digoxin [high levels], NSAIDs, penicillin G, potassium, potassium supplements, spironolactone, succinylcholine, tacrolimus, trimethoprim, pentamidine, and others), as secondary sources report concurrent use may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
  • Radiocontrast agentsRadiocontrast agents: A?a? has been used as an experimental, clinical oral contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo (7).

    • A?a?/Herb/Supplement Interactions:

  • Anti-inflammatoriesAnti-inflammatories: In in vitro research, freeze-dried a?a? fruit pulp and skin powder (OptiA?aiT, used in MonaVie? products) displayed selective inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes (3).
  • AntilipemicsAntilipemics: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced total and LDL cholesterol, as well as the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (4).
  • AntineoplasticsAntineoplastics: In laboratory research, constituents of various formulations of a?a? have displayed anticancer effects (5; 6).
  • AntioxidantsAntioxidants: In laboratory research, various a?a? formulations displayed antioxidant activity (3; 2; 17; 4; 1).
  • CaffeineCaffeine: Some a?a? products contain guarana, an herb that contains caffeine. Theoretically, concurrent use with other herbs and supplements that contain caffeine may cause additive stimulant effects.
  • HypoglycemicsHypoglycemics: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced fasting glucose levels (4). A?a? juice products may contain added sugars, however, which may interfere with blood glucose control.
  • ImmunomodulatorsImmunomodulators: According to laboratory research, a?a? demonstrated immune-stimulating effects (3; 11). Theoretically, concurrent use with other immune stimulants may have additive effects.
  • PotassiumPotassium: Due to its high potassium content, a?a? may be used cautiously with herbs and supplements that may increase potassium levels (e.g., potassium, digitalis, noni juice, dandelion, horsetail, nettle, and others), as secondary sources report concurrent use may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

    • A?a?/Food Interactions:

  • Insufficient available evidence.

    • A?a?/Lab Interactions:

  • Glucose levelsGlucose levels: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced fasting glucose by 5.3% compared to baseline (4). A?a? juice may contain added sugars, however, which may interfere with blood glucose control (according to secondary sources).
  • Growth-related oncogene (GRO/KC) levelsGrowth-related oncogene (GRO/KC) levels: In laboratory research, a?a? berries reduced growth-related oncogene (GRO/KC) levels (6).
  • InsulinInsulin: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced plasma fasting insulin levels (4).
  • InterleukinsInterleukins: In glucose-induced stress and inflammation in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC), a?a? downregulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 (8). In mouse lung, polysaccharides from a?a? induced IL-12 production (11). In laboratory research, a?a? berries reduced serum IL-5 (6).
  • LipidsLipids: In human research, frozen a?a? pulp (Sambazon? A?a? Smoothie Pack) consumed twice daily for one month reduced total and LDL cholesterol, as well as the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (4). HDL cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides lacked statistically significant changes.
  • PotassiumPotassium: A?a? has a relatively high potassium content, which, according to secondary sources, may increase potassium levels.