Ferns

Polypodium leucotomos extract/Drug Interactions:

  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Polypodium has been shown to inhibit platelet activating factor activity in vitro (4; 5).
  • AntihypertensivesAntihypertensives: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8). In theory, the hypotensive effects of other drugs may be potentiated.
  • Beta blockersBeta blockers: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in frog hearts, and hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8).
  • Calcium channel blockersCalcium channel blockers: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in frog hearts, and hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8).
  • Cardiac glycosidesCardiac glycosides: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in frog hearts, and hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8).
  • Hydrophilic agentsHydrophilic agents: Theoretically, polypodium may interact with hydrophilic agents (18).
  • ImmunosuppressantsImmunosuppressants: In vitro and animal research of Polypodium leucotomos extract has reported inhibition of cytokine production (interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha) (9; 10; 11), stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion (7), inhibition of leukotriene B4 formation (12), suppression of T-lymphocyte proliferation, and anti-microbial activity (1).
  • SedativesSedatives: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported CNS depressant effects (8).

    • Polypodium leucotomos extract/Herb/Supplement Interactions:

  • Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAnticoagulants and antiplatelets: Polypodium has been shown to inhibit platelet activating factor activity in vitro (4; 5).
  • AntioxidantsAntioxidants: In vitro and animal research of Polypodium leucotomos extract (anapsos) has reported free radical scavenging activity (2; 3).
  • Cardiac glycosidesCardiac glycosides: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in frog hearts, and hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8).
  • Hydrophilic herbsHydrophilic herbs: Theoretically, polypodium may interact with hydrophilic herbs or supplements (18).
  • HypotensivesHypotensives: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported hypotension and tachycardia in dogs, possibly due to beta-agonist activity (8).
  • ImmunostimulantsImmunostimulants: In vitro and animal research of Polypodium leucotomos extract has reported inhibition of cytokine production (interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha) (9; 10; 11), stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion (7), inhibition of leukotriene B4 formation (12), suppression of T-lymphocyte proliferation and anti-microbial activity (1).
  • SedativesSedatives: A pharmacodynamic study of a different fern species, Polypodium vulgare, reported CNS depressant effects (8).

    • Polypodium leucotomos extract/Food Interactions:

  • Insufficient available evidence.

    • Polypodium leucotomos extract/Lab Interactions:

  • Insufficient available evidence.