Troxerutin

Rutin/Drug Interactions:

  • Anti-coagulants/coumarinAnti-coagulants/coumarin: Rutin is often used in combination with coumarin.
  • AntibioticsAntibiotics:Phlogenzym? tablets, a combination product including rutin, have been used with antibiotics (40). In theory, rutin should be safe to combine with antibiotics.
  • Benzopyrones, anti-edema drugsBenzopyrones, anti-edema drugs: Theoretically, rutin may have additive effects when used in combination with benzopyrones, Wobenzym? (contains rutin), Dicynone? or Reparil? (23;86).
  • CarbazochromeCarbazochrome: Intramuscular administration of the fixed combination of troxerutin 150mg and carbazochrome 1.5mg has been found effective, well tolerated and superior to placebo in improving hemorrhoidal and post-surgical symptoms during the five days following surgery (39).
  • DiureticsDiuretics: Theoretically, rutin may have additive effects when used in combination with diuretics (92).
  • DocetaxelDocetaxel: 300mg hydroxyethylrutoside given orally four times daily has been given to counteract docetaxel-fluid retention (93).
  • N-acetylcysteine (NAC)N-acetylcysteine (NAC): NAC in combination with rutin may reduce ethane and MDA concentrations, and increase GSH; this combination may be efficient in protecting the lungs of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (94).
  • Oral contraceptivesOral contraceptives: High doses of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides may counteract the unwanted activity of oral contraceptives on venous function (53).
  • Quinolone antibioticsQuinolone antibiotics: Theoretically, rutin may competitively inhibit action of quinolone antibiotics.

    • Rutin/Herb/Supplement Interactions:

  • Buckwheat herbBuckwheat herb: Rutin, found in buckwheat herb tea, may have an additive effect when taken concomitantly (87).
  • Gingko bilobaGingko biloba: Troxerutin has been used effectively and safely with Gingko bilobo for the treatment of hemorrhoids (95).
  • Horse chestnut extractHorse chestnut extract: Oxerutins may have an additive effect when used concomitantly with horse chestnut extract (54).
  • Hydrolytic enzymesHydrolytic enzymes: Rutosid enzyme is often used in combination with bromelain and trypsin (27).
  • N-acetylcysteine (NAC)N-acetylcysteine (NAC): NAC in combination with rutin may reduce ethane and MDA concentrations and increase GSH; this combination may be efficient in protecting the lungs of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (94).
  • QuercetinQuercetin: Rutin supplements may have an additive effect with quercetin supplements, as quercetin is a flavonoid yielded from rutin.
  • Vitamin CVitamin C: Theoretically, rutin may increase absorption of vitamin C.

    • Rutin/Food Interactions:

  • Apple peelApple peel: Theoretically, rutin found in foods, such as apple peel, may have an additive effect when consumed concomitantly.
  • Black teaBlack tea: Theoretically, rutin found in foods, such as black tea, may have an additive effect when consumed concomitantly.
  • BuckwheatBuckwheat: Theoretically, rutin found in foods, such as buckwheat, may have an additive effect when consumed concomitantly.
  • Citrus fruitCitrus fruit: Theoretically, rutin found in foods, such as citrus fruit, may have an additive effect when consumed concomitantly.
  • Smoked meatsSmoked meats: Theoretically, rutin may undergo nitrosation with nitrites and nitrates found in some processed meat products to form potentially mutagenic substances.
  • OnionOnion: Theoretically, rutin found in foods, such as onion, may have an additive effect when consumed concomitantly.

    • Rutin/Lab Interactions:

  • Blood chemistryBlood chemistry: Rutin supplementation did not induce any adverse changes in blood chemistry or indices of liver function (5;4).
  • Blood coagulationBlood coagulation: Neither the active combination (troxerutin and carbazochrome) nor placebo affected blood coagulation tests (39). Troxerutin demonstrated profibrinolytic activities in pharmacological studies (96).
  • FlavonoidsFlavonoids: Plasma flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) were significantly elevated in the rutin-supplemented group (5).
  • Platelet aggregationPlatelet aggregation: Mean endothelial cell count and beta-thromboglobulin concentration increased and platelet aggregate ratio decreased to a statistically significant extent after taking placebo or rutosides while the platelet factor 4 concentrations did not change significantly on either occasion. (97). Studies have confirmed the anti-erythrocyte aggregation effect of troxerutin (34)
  • PyrimidinesPyrimidines: Endogenous oxidation of pyrimidines was significantly decreased in both rutin- and placebo-treated volunteers (5).
  • Urine labsUrine labs: There was no significant change in the level of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine or urinary malondialdehyde following rutin treatment. A linear correlation was observed between urinary malondialdehyde and urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (R =0.54, P<0.01) (5).