Vitis spp.

Grape/Nutrient Depletion:

  • Blood lipidsBlood lipids: In animals and humans, grapes, grape products, or grape constituents have been shown to decrease total cholesterol; increase, decrease, or not modify HDL cholesterol; and reduce triglycerides or LDL cholesterol (216; 217; 136; 296; 218; 219; 12).
  • GlucoseGlucose: In humans, Concord grape juice increased plasma glucose but lacked an effect on plasma insulin vs. control (25).
  • IronIron: In vitro in a Caco-2 cell culture model, the use of red grape juice inhibited iron availability from infant cereals, while white grape juice increased its bioavailability (284).